Headlight.



'0. J. GETERMAN.

v HEADLIGHT.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 21. 190s.

1 1 30 ,39 1 Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

C. J. GBTBRMAN. HBADLIGHT. APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 21, 1908. 1,1 30,391. Patented Mar.2,1915

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

I WMWWMW MWWMVWMVWWWWMWW O. J. GETERMAN.

HBADLIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR4 21. 1908.

1,1 30,391, Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 34 sra s serrant CHARLES J. GETERMAN, OF CANTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN E. MCLAIN, Oli? CANTON, OEO.

HEADLIGHT.

Application led March 2l, 1908.

T0 all wwm 'it may concern l Be it known that l, CHARLES JfaGrnTnn- MAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Canton, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful improvements in .Headlightsg and l do hereby declare that the follovving is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawing, making a part of this specification.

rlhis invention relates to electric headlights.

One object of the invention is to securely hold the base, carrying the lamp mechanism and reflector', in position with relation to the exterior casing and at the same time pci'- mit. the ready removal of the lamp mechanism from the casing for purposes of inspection or repair.

Heretofore it has been common tc mount the reflector and' lamp mechanism upon a base extending longitudinally of the casing at one side thereof, said base being adapted to slide upon guides into and out of the casing, detachable fastenings securing the base in position upon the guides. lilith such constructions, if the detachable fastenings should become disengaged, the acceleration and retardation of the car or locomotive might cause the base and the mechanism thereon to slide back and Jforth in the casing with liabilityv of damage to the parts. Moreover, if parallelism of' the base and guides is not maintained in sliding the mechanism in and out, the parts will bind and may become bent or broken. According to the present invention, the base and the mechanism thereon are securely held against sliding at any time, the base being lifted and turned easily on a hinge or pivot when it is desired to remove the lamp mechanism from or replace it in the casing. When the mechanism is in position within the casing gravity tends to secure it in that position.

Another object of the invention is to simplify the construction and increase the refleet-ing surface of the reflector.

Hereto'lore, Where an arc .vas formed Within er between the front edge and the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 2, c

Serial No. 422,449

center of a parabolic or other concave refiector between two carbons inclined to the focal axis of the reector, two holes have been-cut in the reflector, one for each of the carbone or the regulating means therefor, or both. According to the present invention a single hole for one of the carbone only is employed.

Another object of my invention is to arrange and support the electromagnet for controlling the arc in front of the focus of the reflector, and in such manner as not to impede the rays of reflected light.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved and greatly simplified means for feeding the carbons or electrodes;

Other objects of the invention vvill appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention, Figure l is a perspective view of a headlight With the door of the casing open showing the interior mechanism vvithin the casing. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section ot' the headlight-` Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the headlight showing the manner of removal of the interior mechanism from'the casing. Fig. 3a s a detail View. Fig. -L is a perspective View 'i f the interior mechanism, enlarged.

Referring to the drawings, the headlight comprises a casing l, having ya rear end Wall 2, While at its front end is hinged a door comprising a frame 3 in which is secured a glass at. To accommodate the interior mechanism Without unduly increasing the size of the casing, a raised section 5 is provided at the top of thefcasing, which section preferably extends but a portion of the distance from the front to the rear of the casing. en upwardly projecting portion G upon the door serves to close the front end of the raised section of the casing When the door is closed. The casing may be supported in any suitable manner, the means shown comprising hooks '7 and 8 secured to the back ot the casing and adapted to he hung over the edge of the dash of av car or in suitable sockets carried by the dash. Near the bottom of the rear vrall of the casing buiiers lO, of some resilient material, may be provided to abut againstthe dash when the headlight is supported thereon.

Upon the interior of the casing 1, at the bottom thereof and extending longitudinally of the same, is asupport or platform 11 which isfixed to the casing. Extending from the forward end of this support are two fixed lugs 12 and 13. between which extends a rod 14. Extending longitudinally of the casing and along the bottom side thereof is a base 15 for supporting the arc lamp mechanism, this base resting upon the support 1l when the interior mechanism is in position within the casing 1. .The front end of the base 15 extends between the lugs 12 and 13 and beneath the rod 14 so that it is securely held against Vertical or lateral movement while free to rock about the rod 14. Shoulders 16 and 17 upon the base 15 bear against the lugs 12 and 13, the base being thus secured against forward sliding movement' with relation to the casing. The forward. end of the base is rounded as shown and the lugs 12 and 13 are also-rounded so that the base may be turned about the rod 14 as a pivot, as indicated in Fig. 3, when it is desired to remove the interior mechanism from or replace it within the casingv l. When the base 15 rests upon the support 11 a stud 18 which is fixed to the support 11, and, therefore, to the casing, extends through a hole 19 in the base l5 and serves to hold the-base and its mechanism from sliding rearwardly in the casing. The stud 18 is screw threaded ,and fitted with a thumb nut 2 0 by which the base is securely clamped to the support 11. The rear end of the base 15 may be adjusted relatively to the plat'- form 11 by meansof adjustment screws 15', 15a whichextend through the base near its rear end and are arranged to bear against the p latformv 11. 15c are lock nuts on the' screws 15", 15a. Y

'Fixed to the base 15 is a support 21 for It will be observed that the arc electrodes are inclined and the arc is formedv within the reflector substantially at the focus thereof, this,I for well known reasons, producing peculiarly elicient light. At the top of the support 21 is an inclined plate 27 Ato which is 'secured an inclined cradle 28 for the regulating 'magnet 29. This cradle serves to protect the regulating magnet and is preferably of iron in orderl to improve in the well known manner the-magnetic circuit of the magnet. To protect the magnet-engaging coil from the heat of the arc, thecradie is preferably linedwith asbestos or other suitable heat-resisting materia-l. 1 4

Extending from the plate 27 is a guide 30 for the uppercarbon having an'oli'set 31 to accommodate theclutch ring 32 which surrounds the upper carbon, this carbon passing through holes in the offset as shown, and being supported and guided by the walls thereof. At the end of the guide 30 is arranged suitable means for supporting one ofthe electrodes 22, usually of carbon,

4and its regulating mechanism. Rearwardly of the support 21 is a support 23 for the reflector24 which is concave and preferably parabolic. Rearwardly of the support 23 is another support 25 for the other electrode or carbon 26 of the arc light. In order` that the support 21 shall not interfere with the forward projection of reflected rays of light,

it is curved out of the path of the rays and is preferably in the form cfa ring as shown. For the same purpose the support 23 is curved and is preferably in the form of a ring extending about the rim of the reliector -and to which the reflector is se-A cur'ed. The support 25 being at the rear of the light and reflector it is not necessary that this support be curved as indicated in connection with supports 2 1 and 23.

one end. of an arc-inclosing globe 33, the

iglobe'and its supports being arranged' in the well known manner to produce an arc light, of the type known as"inclosed. The supporting means for the upper end of the globe preferably comprises a collar 33a, having a reduced portion 33D, which litsv within the globe and holds the latterin proper i' position, anut 33c to prevent the lcollar from dropping ofl'l the guide 30 when the globe is not'in position, and a spring interposed between the said collar and the olf-set 31 for maintaining the collar Ain engagement with the globe. The clutch ring 32 is pivoted to an extension 34 of the plunger or core 35 of the regulating magnet. This extension is preferablyrigidly connected to the plunger by a screw thread connection and, in order to-bring the end `of the extension into more convenient relation to the clutch ring, it deviates laterally from the axis of the plunger, as'shown. An adjustable stop for the 'clutch ring is provided by means of the set screw 36, it serving to regulate the throw of thesaid ring and consesupport one end of thequent length of arc between the electrodes. Through the hole 50 in the reflector projects a lower carbon 26 which is supported by the support 2 5. The support 25 also serves to arc-inclosing globe 33. y

A"The regulating mechanism for'the upper carbon will automatically strike the arc and properly maintainthe same during the liuctuations due to' operating conditions. No such automatic regulating mechanism is necessary' for the lower carbon. This lower vcarbon will, however, gradually burn away and from time to time' should be moved upwardly to compensate for this loss. This movement of the lower carbon is accomplished in the present apparatus by means of a grooved wheel 8T, this wheel being adapted tc engage with the carbon and having the inside of the groove roughened or knurled to prevent slipping ot the wheel upon the carbon when the wheel is turned. This wheel is carried by a shaft 38 which is carried in elongated slots the lugs and 40 which extend from the support 25. rEhe wheel 37 is pressed against the carbon by means or" a spring 4l which engages at its middle in the notch 42 upon the support 25 while its ends are bent around pins as 43 upon the sides of the support :Z5-and bear their ends against the shaft 38 upon opposite sides of the wheel 37. Any suitable means, as a thumb wheel 38 secured upon `Ihe shaft 38, may be provided for turning that shaft. Extending between the supports 2l and :23 are supporting strips and 45 to which are secured receptacles or sockets 46 and 47, which may be of any well known construction, and into which are screwed incandescent lamps 48 and 49, respectively. By causing the upper carbon and its regulating mechanism to communicate with the interior of the reflector through the front and open end of the reflector, the apparatus is greatly simplified and the necessity for forming another hole through the reflector, in addition to the hole for the lower carbon, is obviated; thus lfurther be observed that the aXis of the regulating magnet is inclined. This permits gravity to move the plunger or core of the magnet, so that it is not necessary for this y plunger to be actuated by other parts of the mechanism or by additional mechanism.

in the operation of the lamp, when no current is flowing the magnet Q9 will be denergized and its plunger will slide down- `ward until stopped by reason of the eXtension 34 coming against the carbon guide. Under these circumstances the upper carbon will be released from the clutching mechanism and will slide downwardly until it comes in contact with the lower carbon. lf now current is turned upon the lamp, the plunger of the regulating magnet will be upwardly attracted and will pull upwardly-one side of the clutch ring 32 and vCause the ring to grip the carbon and be carried with it as the plunger moves under the attraction of the magnet. The moveclutch ring 32 comes against the ac f stop 36 when the movement of the and carbon will be arrested. The thus be drawn and the carbons will be separated a suitable distance to properly maintain the arc; this distance being adjustable by means of the stop Yvl/'hen the clutch ring has come against the stop it caused to grip the carbon firmly so there is no liability of the carbon shaking loose from the clutch by reason of the vibration of the car. Upon the cessation of the current or a sullicient decrease thereof, the plunger of the regulating magnet will drop under the action of gravity and release the upper carbon and the'flatter will approach the lower carbon by a sufficient amount to secure proper conditions, when the regulating magnet will again attract its plunger and the upper carbon will again be elevated. ln order to adjust the reflector so as to elevate or direct downwardly relative to the casing l the shaft of reflected light rays, all that is necessary is to adjust the screws 1,5', l5?.

What l claim isl. In a head-light, the combination of a casing open at one end, a lamp base, a twopart connection between the front end of said lamp base and the open end of said casing constituting means by which the lamp base may be rocked into and out of position within the casing through said open end thereof, and lamp mechanism secured upon 'said base.

2. ln a. head-light, the combination of a casing open at one end, a lamp base, a tongue and socket connection between the front end of said lamp base and the open end of said casing constituting means by which the lamp base may be rocked into and out of position within the casing through said open end thereof, and lamp mechanism secured upon said base.

` 3. The combination of a concave reflector having a singleopening thereto arranged at one side of the focal aXis of the reflector, inclined arc light carbons having their adjacent ends between the front end and center of said reflector and the lower carbon extending through said opening therein, a support for said reflector, a support for the lower arc light carbon, a regulating mechanism for the upper carbon extending with said upper carbon through the front open end of said reflector, and a support for said regulating mechanism arranged in front of said reflector. n

4. The combination of a base, a reflector provided with an opening in its lower portion, a support for the reflector carried by said base and connected to said redectoninl clined .upperand lower arc light carbone-arran' ed vwithinthe reflector,.a support for the', ower carbon carried, by' the. saidbase, andarranged rearward ofthe reflector sup-y port, the said lowercarbon and itsisllpportextending through said opening, .a support forthe upper carbon carried by the said base and .arranged .forward of the said reflector support, and regulating means for theupper carboncarriedby the upper carbonsupport. and arranged forward of the reflector.

;: The combinationof a base, a reflector provided with .an opening in its lowerportion,.a =support for the reflector carried-by the. said base-, i nclined upper and lower arc light carbons arranged within the reflector, a suppprt for the lower carboncarred y.by the said base, and .arranged'grearward of the re- Hector support, .the said lower carbon and its supportiextending through said-opening, a support carriedy by thesaid base: extending around the .freliectorand provided with a depending .guide for supporting and guidingthauppencarbom and regulating; means for the upper carbon mounted on A'the-last.

mentioned support, the saiduppercarbon anditsregulating means being arranged forward ofthe reiiector.

6. Ina .lamp of the class described, the I combination of upper .and lower relatively l movable' alined carbons, a support for the lower carbon, a stationary dU-shaped support havingalined ,guidewaysf through its legs fertile uppercarbon, an electromagnet havinga plunger with its axis parallel tothe axis of said carbons,.a clutchring surrounding and tween `the guidewaysfof said U-shaped support and having a .rigid lateral extension, and a member connected 4at its upper end directlywith said plunger. and at its lower end having a pivotal connection with the.

lateral extension of Said'cIutCh ring. 4

7; In a lamp of theclass described, the combination of upper and .lower relatively movablealined carbons,qa support for the lower carbon, a U-shaped support having alined guideways through its legs for the upper carbon, an electromagnet having av plunger'with itsv axis parallel tothe axis of said carbons.a clutch ring surrounding and clutchV rin b v f Fliead.-l-ight, the comhinationof .a

engaging ysaid upper carbon between the gudeways ofsaid U-shaped support and,

having a rigid .lateral extensioma member connected at its upper end directly with saidV plunger and at its lower end having ya pivotal connection. .with the lateral extension of said clutch ring, and means between the legs of said: UI-shaped, support for varying and limiting the. distance of movement* of said etween the alined guideways.-

engaging said upper carbon be-` flector, inclined upper and .lower alined arc l light carbons, the .latter extending through said opening, a support for said lower carbon, a separate support vforsaid w,upper carbon, regulating mechanism for the upper carbon arranged entirely in front of said reflector and extending into the interior thereof throughthe front .open end of the reflector. and above the focal axis thereof, andmeans for supporting the regulating mechanism.

10. A light mechanism comprising a support provided [with asocket at one end.. ,con-

sisting oilapair of lugs and a `rod extending from one lug tothe other, a base mounted onthe support with one end arranged within said socket, means for detachably securing the oppositeend vof the base to the support, anda lightmechanism carried by the said-base. A

11. A' light mechanism comprising a support provided with a socket at one end, consisting otra pair of lugsand avrod extend-. ingfrom one lugto the other, a base mounted on the support, the said lbase having a; reduced end arranged removably within the said socket, meansor. detachably securingithe- Opposite end 'of thelbase to the support,'and a light mechanism carried by the said base.L

12. A light mechanism comprising .a support provided. witha socket at one end, coningifrom one lug to the other, a base mounted on the support, vthe said base having a reduced end arranged removably within the lsaid socket, and the said socket xpermitting the opposite end of the base to sfwing upwardly on a transverse axis, .means for detachably securingthe base fat that end opposite the'socketto the support, a light mechanism carried by the saidbase, and adjusting devices interposed between the base and support for the purposes specified.

13.v Ina headlight, abell-shaped reector, means forsupportinnr said reflector, a ring carried by said means and located in front of the mouth of said reflector, a support carried by said ring land extending into said reflector, an electrode, and operatingmeans therefor carriedby "suppgrn sisting of'a pair of lugs and a rod. extend- 14. In a headlight the combination ofa lbell-shaped reflector 'with a bar supported at the front end thereof and projecting inwardly into the reflector, and an electrode mounted'on the bar, said bar and electrode being in substantial parallelism with the sides of the cross-section through the reliector. I

15. In a headlight a bell-shaped reflectol, 10 means for supporting said reflector, holding means located near the mouth of said reflector, a support carried by said holding means and extending into said reflector and an electrode, and operating means therefor carried by said support.

In testimony that I claim the above, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

' CHARLES J. GE'IERMAN.

Witnesses:

RALPH E.'MYERs, EDWARD R. ALEXANDER. 

